In the January issue of Circulation, a cross-sectional study ‘Consumption of Added Sugars and Indicators of Cardiovascular Disease Risk among US Adolescents’ has been published.(1)
Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 2157 US adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 to 2004, dietary data from one 24-hour recall were merged with added sugar content data from the US Department of Agriculture MyPyramid Equivalents databases.
Measures of cardiovascular disease risk were estimated by added sugar consumption level (<10%, 10 to <15%, 15 to <20%, 20 to <25%, 25 to <30%, and
Multivariable means were weighted to be representative of US adolescents and variances adjusted for the complex sampling methods.
Results:
· Daily consumption of added sugars averaged 21.4% of total energy.
· Added sugars intake was inversely correlated with mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (mmol/L) which were 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36 to 1.44) among the lowest consumers and 1.28 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.33) among the highest (P trend =0.001).
· Added sugars were positively correlated with low-density lipoproteins (P trend =0.01) and geometric mean triglycerides (P trend =0.05).
· Among the lowest and highest consumers, respectively, low-density lipoproteins (mmol/L) were 2.24 (95% CI 2.12 to 2.37) and 2.44 (95% CI 2.34 to 2.53), and triglycerides (mmol/L) were 0.81 (95% CI 0.74, 0.88) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.96).
· Among those overweight/obese ( 85th percentile body-mass-index), added sugars were positively correlated with the homeostasis model assessment (P linear trend =0.004).
The authors concluded that the consumption of added sugars among US adolescents is positively associated with multiple measures known to increase cardiovascular disease risk.
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